heEmanciationProclamation
亚伯拉罕·林肯
AbrahamLincoln
亚伯拉罕·林肯(1809—1865),美国第十六届总统。出生在肯塔基州一个农民家庭。从7岁开始就帮助父母放牛、耕地和打柴。当过雇农、船夫、小店铺里的伙计,后来又当过乡村邮递员和土地测量员。他一生在学校学习的时间加起来不到一年,但是他刻苦勤学,通过自学成为一位博学的人。他先后任过州议员、律师、众议员,并于1856年加入共和党。他反对奴隶制度,认为奴隶制度违反自由平等原则。但他又不是废奴隶主义者,他只是要求限制奴隶制向西部扩张。任内发表了《解放宣言》,提出“民有、民治、民享”的口号,并领导人民投入南北战争,重新统一了美国。1864年连任总统。1865年4月14日被南方奴隶主反对派指使的暴徒杀害。
AceintheHole
Understandthesenewwordsbeforeyoulistentothisarticle。
1。countervailingadj。补偿的;弥补的;抵消的
2。testimonyn。(法庭上证人的)证词;证明,证据
3。aforesaidadj。上述的,前述的(常用于法律文件)
4。thenceforwardadv。从那时,其后
Whereas,onthe22nddayofSetember,A。D。1862,aroclamationwasissuedbythePresidentoftheUnitedStates,containing,amongotherthings,thefollowing,towit:
“Thatonthe1stdayofJanuary,A。D。1863,allersonsheldasslaveswithinanyState,ordesignatedartofaState,theeolewhereofshallthenbeinrebellionagainsttheUnitedStates,shallbethen,thenceforward,andforeverfree;andtheExecutiveGovernmentoftheUnitedStates,includingthemilitaryandnavalauthoritythereof,willrecognizeandmaintainthefreedomofsuchersons,andwilldonoactoractstoreresssuchersons,oranyofthem,inanyeffortstheymaymakefortheiractualfreedom。”
“ThattheExecutivewill,onthe1stdayofJanuaryaforesaid,byroclamation,designatetheStatesandartsofStates,ifany,inwhichtheeolethereof,resectively,shallthenbeinrebellionagainsttheUnitedStates;andthefactthatanyStateortheeolethereofshallonthatdaybeingoodfaithreresentedintheCongressoftheUnitedStatesbymemberschosentheretoatelectionswhereinamajorityofthequalifiedvotersofsuchStatesshallhavearticiatedshall,intheabsenceofstrongcountervailingtestimony,bedeemedconclusiveevidencethatsuchStateandtheeolethereofarenottheninrebellionagainsttheUnitedStates。”
Now,therefore,I,AbrahamLincoln,PresidentoftheUnitedStates,byvirtueoftheowerinmevestedasCommander-In-ChiefoftheArmyandNavyoftheUnitedStatesintimeofactualarmedrebellionagainsttheauthorityandgovernmentoftheUnitedStates,andasafitandnecessarywarmeasureforsuressingsaidrebellion,do,onthis1stdayofJanuary,A。D。1863,andinaccordancewithmyurosesotodo,ubliclyroclaimedforthefulleriodofonehundreddaysfromthedayfirstabovementioned,orderanddesignateastheStatesandartsofStateswhereintheeolethereof,resectively,arethisdayinrebellionagainsttheUnitedStatesthefollowing,towit:
“Arkansas,Texas,Louisiana(excetthearishesofSt。Bernard,Palquemines,Jefferson,St。John,St。Charles,St。James,Ascension,Assumtion,TerreBone,Lafourche,St。Mary,St。MartinandOrleans,includingthecityofNewOrleans),Mississii,Alabama,Florida,Georgia,SouthCarolina,NorthCarolinaandVirginia(excettheforty-eightcountiesdesignatedasWestVirginia,andalsothecountiesofBerkeley,Accomac,Northhamton,ElizabethCity,York,PrincessAnneandNorfolk,includingthecitiesofNorfolkandPortsmouth),andwhichexcetedartsarefortheresentleftreciselyasifthisroclamationwerenotissued。”
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